1) I tested a few skills myself, but don't have an exhaustive list. Definitely works with fireball, firebolt, ice bolt, ice blast. I doubt it works with chain lightning the way you hope it works. It doesn't work with bone spirit, which was something I hoped for a few years ago.
2) You can get a similar effect from javazons buy having your weapon swap set to whatever you want (cranium basher, knockback weapon, that 50% slow/CB weapon I forget the name of that it is a cutlass iirc) and use weapon swap a couple of frames after your throw. Then most/all of the released bolts will carry that weapon's properties. Works in later versions as well and with skills like strafe. I used it to proc amp dmg with lacerator on my strafezon, for example.